
Worldwide LGBTQIA+ Same-Sex Unions & Marriages

The gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, and all groups with non-traditional gender and sexual identities, collectively known as the LGBTQIA+ community, have been around in many forms for thousands of years. With attitudes continually changing towards the community, many countries began passing laws to allow same-sex couples to form unions, partnerships or marriages.
The LGBTQIA+ Same-Sex Unions & Marriages index focuses on every country worldwide. A guide to the countries that legally recognise same-sex unions and marriages by country and status of the types of unions recognised

Planning for your big day? The Gayther wedding and union checklist can be used online or via download and contains a list of all the main tasks and helpful tips

KEY FACTS
- 29.2% or 68 countries around the world allow same-sex unions or partnerships
- 23.2% or 54 countries around the world allow same-sex marriages
- Europe has the highest number of countries allowing same-sex unions or marriages at 64.6% or 31 countries, followed by the Americas at 43.4% or 23 countries
- Asia has the lowest number of countries allowing same-sex marriages at 1 or 2%, followed by Africa at 7% or 4 countries
- 16.8% or 34.7 million LGBTQIA+ individuals are living in countries where they can form civil partnerships or unions
- 15.4% or 31.8 million LGBTQIA+ individuals are living in countries where they can form same-sex marriages
- 29.2% or 68 countries around the world allow same-sex unions or partnerships
- 23.2% or 54 countries around the world allow same-sex marriages
- Comparing the number of countries against the total within a continent
- Europe has the highest number of countries allowing same-sex unions or marriages at 64.6% or 31 countries, followed by the Americas at 43.4% or 23 countries
- Asia has the lowest number of countries allowing same-sex unions or partnerships with 5.9% or 3 countries, followed by Africa with 7% or 4 countries
- Europe has the highest number of countries allowing same-sex marriages at 42% or 20 countries, followed by the Americas at 40% or 21 countries
- Asia has the lowest number of countries allowing same-sex marriages at 1 or 2%, followed by Africa at 7% or 4 countries
- Switzerland – On September 26, 2021 – Swiss voters approved same-sex marriage in a nationwide referendum
- Chile – On November 30, 2021, the deputies and senate of Chile approved same-sex marriage
LGBTQIA+ COUNTRY & REGION GUIDES
Click on a specific country within the map to learn what types of same-sex unions and marriages that particular country legal recognises
GREEN – a country that recognises some form of same-sex marriage or civil union
TAKING PRIDE IN YOU

With attitudes changing and more countries becoming more accepting and inclusive, the community has seen nations introducing laws to permit same-sex unions and marriages. Like in traditional heterosexual marriages, same-sex unions or marriages are a declaration of love or wanting to share your life with someone. Legal protection and rights are achieved by having the relationship recognised under the law.
From factors such as inheritance, tax relief to next of kin and end of life matters, same-sex official relationship status provides financial relief and added protection for both parties. People who have been together a long time will accumulate many shared assets and love and care throughout their partners’ lives. When hospitalised or in life-and-death situations, doctors will often restrict visits to family only and ask a legally recognised partner to make difficult decisions. In the absence of a legal partner, they will ask other family members, even if they have been estranged for a long time. Forming a marriage or union is a declaration of love and legal recognition of a couple’s status. Not only that but forming a marriage or union offers long term protection for both partners.
EXCEPTIONAL AND DIVERSE LGBTQIA+ COMMUNITY

What is the difference between civil partnerships and marriages?
Civil partnerships and marriages are almost identical, with a few exceptions. The marriage ceremony is rooted in religion, so when individuals marry, they will typically exchange vows, such as till death do us part. In contrast, a civil partnership is formed by signing a legal contract or a partnership agreement. The second notable difference relates to when a marriage or partnership ends. In most countries, except for countries like the Philippines, the process of dissolving a marriage is established and legal. The divorce requirements are different in each country; however, Civil Partnerships or Unions are ended through dissolution, a process for terminating the contract or agreement. Civil partners cannot describe themselves as married and form their unions at an official government building. One misconception is that civil partnerships are similar to common-law spouses. Civil partnerships and unions have greater rights and recognition under the law than common-law relationships. They have legal recognition, similar to marriage, with the few exceptions previously outlined. Civil partnerships and unions were created as a method or way to allow same-sex couples to form legally recognised relationships. They were able to create legal relationships without using the term marriage and avoid conflicts with religious beliefs relating to the sanctity of marriage. With time and advocates’ direct actions, many countries have changed their laws to allow same-sex couples to form legally binding marriages, partnerships, and unions. Even though many countries now recognise same-sex marriages, some religious groups will not perform marriage ceremonies or sanction same-sex unions

Why is the legal recognition of same-sex marriages so important?
Over the centuries, more countries have created a clear separation between the government and the church. A country can be religious; however, in democratically elected nations, those appointed by the people are meant to represent everyone in society. The representation should include people who may hold different views and beliefs and live different lifestyles to their own. With greater diversity worldwide, people from various religious denominations and more acceptance of those different to ourselves, it is crucial that everyone is treated the same. Equality ensures that everyone has the same rights and protections under the law. So, allowing heterosexual couples to marry but not allowing-same sex individuals the same legal recognition creates inequality and takes away people’s fundamental rights. People’s personal beliefs are different from the law, and no one should have the power or right to take away or suppress the freedoms of another group, especially in modern-democratically elected countries

Are marriages and divorces the same for LGBTQIA+ and non-LGBTQIA+ couples?
YES – the process of marrying and divorcing are identical; the only minor exception is when same-sex couples form a civil partnership or union. The process and laws relating to marriage and divorce will vary by country. However, nations that permit same-sex marriages will follow the same process for straight and same-sex couples alike. Marriage laws relate to various things, including the management of shared assets concerning inheritance, nationality, obtaining citizenship through either spouse, tax relief, and important life matters, such as those relating to end-of-life. Ending the marriage, known as divorce, will also follow the same process as straight couples living within any given country. Divorce typically requires a reason or grounds for divorce, such as adultery, unreasonable behaviour or desertion. The requirements vary by country; however, you will need to have been married for more than one year and separated for two years or more
WHAT LANGUAGES ARE SPOKEN WHERE
Please select a country from the drop-down list to discover common phrases relating to marriage and unions
AFGHANISTAN
ALBANIA
ALGERIA
AMERICAN SAMOA
ANDORRA
ANGOLA
ANGUILLA
ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA
ARGENTINA
ARMENIA
AUSTRALIA
AUSTRIA
AZERBAIJAN
THE BAHAMAS
BAHRAIN
BANGLADESH
BARBADOS
BELARUS
BELGIUM
BELIZE
BENIN
BERMUDA
BHUTAN
BOLIVIA
BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
BOTSWANA
BRAZIL
BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS
BRUNEI DARUSSALAM
BULGARIA
BURKINA FASO
BURUNDI
CAMBODIA
CAMEROON
CANADA
CAPE VERDE (CABO VERDE)
CARIBBEAN NETHERLANDS
CAYMAN ISLANDS
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
CHAD
CHANNEL ISLANDS
CHILE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
COLOMBIA
COMOROS
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO
REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO
COOK ISLANDS
COSTA RICA
CROATIA
CUBA
REPUBLIC OF CYPRUS
CZECH REPUBLIC (CZECHIA)
DENMARK
DJIBOUTI
DOMINICA
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
EAST TIMOR (TIMOR-LESTE)
ECUADOR
EGYPT
EL SALVADOR
EQUATORIAL GUINEA
ERITREA
ESTONIA
ETHIOPIA
FALKLAND ISLANDS (LAS MALVINAS)
FIJI
FINLAND
FRANCE
FRENCH GUIANA
FRENCH POLYNESIA
GABON
THE GAMBIA
GEORGIA
GERMANY
GHANA
GIBRALTAR
GREECE
GREENLAND
GRENADA
GUADELOUPE
GUAM
GUATEMALA
GUINEA
GUINEA-BISSAU
GUYANA
HAITI
HONDURAS
HONG KONG
HUNGARY
ICELAND
INDIA
INDONESIA
ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN
IRAQ
IRELAND
ISLE OF MAN
ISRAEL
ITALY
IVORY COAST (COTE D’IVOIRE)
JAMAICA
JAPAN
JORDAN
KAZAKHSTAN
KENYA
KIRIBATI
DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF KOREA (NORTH)
REPUBLIC OF KOREA (SOUTH)
REPUBLIC OF KOSOVO
KUWAIT
KYRGYZSTAN
LAOS
LATVIA
LEBANON
LESOTHO
LIBERIA
LIBYA
LIECHTENSTEIN
LITHUANIA
LUXEMBOURG
MACAU
MADAGASCAR
MALAWI
MALAYSIA
MALDIVES
MALI
MALTA
MARSHALL ISLANDS
MARTINIQUE
MAURITANIA
MAURITIUS
MAYOTTE
MEXICO
FEDERATED STATES OF MICRONESIA
MOLDOVA
MONACO
MONGOLIA
MONTENEGRO
MOROCCO
MOZAMBIQUE
MYANMAR
NAMIBIA
NAURU
NEPAL
NETHERLANDS
NETHERLANDS ANTILLES
NEW CALEDONIA
NEW ZEALAND
NICARAGUA
NIGER
NIGERIA
NIUE
NORTH MACEDONIA
NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS
NORWAY
OMAN
PAKISTAN
PALAU
STATE OF PALESTINE
PANAMA
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
PARAGUAY
PERU
PHILIPPINES
PITCAIRN ISLANDS
POLAND
PORTUGAL
PUERTO RICO
QATAR
REUNION
ROMANIA
RUSSIA
RWANDA
SAINT BARTHELEMY (BARTS)
SAINT HELENA
SAINT KITTS AND NEVIS
SAINT LUCIA
SAINT MARTIN (DUTCH)
SAINT MARTIN (FRENCH)
SAINT PIERRE AND MIQUELON
SAINT VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES
SAMOA
SAN MARINO
SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE
SAUDI ARABIA
SENEGAL
SERBIA
SEYCHELLES
SIERRA LEONE
SINGAPORE
SLOVAKIA
SLOVENIA
SOLOMON ISLANDS
SOMALIA
SOUTH AFRICA
SOUTH SUDAN
SPAIN
SRI LANKA
SUDAN
SURINAME
SWAZILAND (ESWATINI)
SWEDEN
SWITZERLAND
SYRIA
TAIWAN
TAJIKISTAN
TANZANIA
THAILAND
TOGO
TOKELAU
TONGA
TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO
TUNISIA
TURKEY
TURKMENISTAN
TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS
TUVALU
UGANDA
UKRAINE
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES (UAE)
UNITED KINGDOM (UK)
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (USA)
URUGUAY
US VIRGIN ISLANDS
UZBEKISTAN
VANUATU
VATICAN CITY (HOLY SEE)
VENEZUELA
VIETNAM
WALLIS AND FUTUNA
YEMEN
ZAMBIA
ZIMBABWE
